Leaf Footed Bug - Euthochtha galeator
Family Coreidae. Also called helmeted squash bug.
Live male and female adults, egg cases and first and late-stage nymphs photographed near Chicago, Illinois.
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Adult Male Squash Bug
With their huge flying wings, squash bugs can burst into flight and disappear very rapidly
Leaf footed bugs take their common name from the  leaf-like appearance of the femora and related structures.

Life Cycle: Like all Hemiptera, leaf-footed bugs go through a simple metamorphosis with egg, nymph, and adult stages.  Females of most species lay eggs during warm months.  The eggs are often stuck to leaves or branches, or hidden under bark, depending on the species.  After hatching, the wingless nymphs molt several times before becoming full-sized, winged adults. The adults will often mate and reproduce numerous times during the growing season. 

Like stink bugs, leaf-footed bugs are able to exude foul-smelling, foul-tasting fluids from pores on the sides of their bodies.  These secretions help to protect leaf-footed bugs from predators. Nevertheless, leaf-footed bugs are often eaten by birds, spiders, assassin bugs, and other predators. [2]

Bed Bug Eggs
2mm Coreidae eggs on morning glory leaf

Leaf Footed Bug nymphs
Early bug instars are gregarious, congregating around
the site of the original egg mass. [1]

Leaf Footed Bug Eggs

Figure 1-3. Egg cases and newly hatched nymphs clearly showing dilated third antenna segment, indicative of galeator species. Nymph size: 3-4mm

bug nymphs and egg cases

Adult Female Squash Bug
Adult Female Squash Bug
Leaf Footed Bug

Figures 3-4.  Late-stage nymph

Early instar nymphs are red. Older nymphs are variable but tend to be light brown with dark mottling all over and brick-red eyes. All five instars are characterized by spines, mottling, and a dilated 3rd antennal segment. This is the only coreid nymph in eastern U.S. having the 3rd antennal segment (only) dilated.

 



Adults: Length 13 to 25 mm; width 5 to 7.5 mm. Color dull brown, membrane darker; connexivum spotted in some, nearly concolorous in other specimens. Pronotum with anterior part of lateral margins finely and irregularly toothed. Humeri prominent but not spined. Hind femora swollen, especially in males, and with spines underneath, tubercles above.

I love these bugs - they are stately and seemingly placid, but they can explode into flight at the drop of a hat, and they can accelerate so quickly you won't see where they went. I've also seen them bumbling along, flashing their bright orange abdomen. Someday I hope to capture a picture of them flying, but that will be sheer luck, as if almost always the case with any flying insect.

Leaf Footed Bug - Euthochtha galeator

Leaf Footed Bug - Euthochtha galeator

Figures 5-6. Adult male showing characteristic spur
Males have a white or cream colored spur or flap on the posterodorsal corner of the side of the thorax (metepimeron) next to the abdomen. This feature is readily apparent in the field. No other known insect in eastern U.S. has such a projection. The females lack this flap but do have a whitish callus in the metapleural area.

 

Leaf Footed Bug

Figure 7. Female feeding on bird droppings
The prominent white spur is absent on this female specimen, although a white callus appears.

References
  1. Kenn Kaufman and Eric R. Eaton, Kaufman Field Guide to Insects of North America, 1st ed. (Houghton Mifflin, 2007).
  2. Thomas Eisner, Maria Eisner, and Melody Siegler, Secret Weapons: Defenses of Insects, Spiders, Scorpions, and Other Many-Legged Creatures (Belknap Press, 2005).
  3. Les Line, The Audubon Society Book of Insects (Harry N Abrams, 1983).

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