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Bee Fly - Villa sp.
Order Diptera / Suborder Brachycera / Infraorder Muscomorpha /
Family Bombyliidae / Subfamily Anthracinae / Tribe Exoprosopini / Genus
Villa
The
Insects of Cedar Creek reference:
Villa spp.
Live adult flies photographed at Winfield, Illinois, USA.
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Bee Fly, Villa sp.
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Bee flies are stout-bodied flying insects said to resemble long-legged
bumble bees, but I've never seen that connection. There are
Syrphid flies
and
robber flies
that do a much better job of impersonating bumble bees. Many bee
flies have elongated mouthparts that form a conspicuous beak, used
for sucking nectar long-distance while hovering over flowers. Bee
flies much prefer to hover in midair while doing their nectaring,
undoubtedly to avoid capture for those who lurk about flower blooms
looking for an easy meal, such as the
ambush bugs and the
crab spiders. Adult bee
flies become active about the third week in April, here in northern
Illinois. |
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Bee Fly, Villa sp.
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I most often see bee flies hovering around flowers, or if resting,
usually on the ground, on bare soil. They are extremely wary and
difficult to approach. No doubt their large compound eyes give them
good vision, plus they have that air-motion sensing mechanism that
helps the ordinary house fly avoid the swatter. Adult bee flies
drink nectar, but the larvae are parasites of beetle larvae as well
as the brood of solitary wasps and bees, the hole or burrow-nesting
insects. I've heard tales of female bee flies hovering over a hole
in the ground, flicking her eggs into the hole. I'm skeptical of
these claims. I've often seen female Bombylius sitting in very loose
soil, vibrating her butt like mad, so that the dirt is actually
thrown outwards (see our
Bombylius major pictures).
One source says these flies are "gathering sand to coat their eggs",
ostensibly to keep them from drying out. Uhm.. ok. |
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Many bee flies have boldly patterned wings, but it's their shape
that generally tips me off that a specimen is in the Bombyliidae
family. The shape is reminiscent of the best swept-wing fighter
jets. The relatively short and usually pointed antennae are another
clue, along with, of course, that dangerous-looking beak. Good thing
these flies don't bite or sting. All in all, a fascinating insect
worthy of study. Next springtime, why not take a trip to the woods?
You'll find these gals busily gathering nectar from the dandelions
along your favorite sunny path. Just watch out for the dog poo.
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