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Butterflies of North America |
![]() Black Swallowtail Papilio polyxenes |
Eastern Tiger Swallowtail Papilio glaucus |
Tiger Swallowtail, black female Papilio glaucus |
Pipevine Swallowtail Battus philenor |
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Family Papilionidae -- Swallowtail and Parnassian Butterflies entail more than 600 species worldwide; fewer than 30 of these live in North America. The true swallowtails, the most typical North American members of this family, are large, brightly colored butterflies with tailed hind wings. All North American swallowtails have somewhat spherical eggs. Most of the caterpillars have prominent eyespots. Swallowtail chrysalises resemble bits of leaf or wood; they hang upright through the winter. |
![]() Cabbage White Pieris rapae |
![]() Clouded Sulphur Colias philodice |
![]() Orange Sulphur Colias eurytheme |
![]() Dwarf Yellow, Dainty Sulphur Nathalis iole |
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Family Pieridae - Whites and Sulphurs include about 1,000 species worldwide, with 60 species in North America. Most of these butterflies are shades of yellow, white, or pale green. There is often dramatic color variation between the sexes, seasonal, and even members of the same species. For all intents and purposes, the clouded and orange sulphurs, for instance, are generally spoken of as on species in the field, they being virtually impossible to tell apart. A few species compete with humans for vegetable and fiber crops. |
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Monarch Butterfly Danaus plexippus |
![]() Viceroy Butterfly Limenitis archippus |
![]() Queen Butterfly Danaus gilippus* |
Family Danaidae - The
Milkweed Butterflies consist of 400 species, only four of
which reside in North America. The monarch is the most famous of
this family, known for its soaring flight and yearly migration.
Most species' caterpillars feed on the toxic milkweed plant,
imparting a bitter flavor to the adult butterfly which is
distasteful to birds. The viceroy butterfly is not a member of
this family, but mimics the monarch.
*Queen Butterfly
Photo: © Carol Freeman
used with permission
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![]() Our Skipper Butterfly Pages |
![]() Juba Skipper Hesperia juba |
![]() Hobomok Skipper |
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White-striped Longtail Chioides catillus |
![]() Common Checkered Skipper Pyrgus communis |
![]() Least Skipper Ancyloxypha numitor |
![]() Ocola Skipper Panoquina ocola |
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Family Hesperiidae: Skipper Butterflies comprise nearly 3,000 species worldwide, 250 of which call North America home. Skippers are named for their rapid, erratic flight. Skippers differ from the true butterflies in their proportionately larger bodies, smaller wings, and hooked antennae, among many other structural differences. The skipper family is further divided into subfamilies: Grass, intermediate, giant, spread-wing, and firetip skippers. |
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Byssus Skipper Problema byssus |
Sandhill Skipper Polites sabuleti |
![]() Long-tailed Skipper Urbanus proteus |
![]() Lyside Sulphur Kricogonia lyside |
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Butterflies from around the world: The specimens below were photographed at the Peggy Notebaert Nature Museum in Chicago, IL., and identified by Doug Taron, Curator of Biology, and founder of the Northern Illinois Butterfly Monitor Network. You can find the complete collection at: Butterflies of the World |
![]() Checkered Swallowtail Papilio demoleus |
![]() Tiger Longwing Heliconius hecale |
![]() Paper Kite aka Tree Nymph Idea leuconoe |
![]() Sara Longwing Heliconius sara |
![]() Common Sailor Butterfly Neptis hylas |
![]() Cruiser Vindula erota |
![]() Eleuchia Longwing Heliconius eleuchia |
![]() Common Morpho Morpho peleides |
![]() Great Eggfly Hypolimnas Bolina |
![]() Great Mormon Swallowtail Papilio memnon |
![]() Common Rose Butterfly Pachliopta aristolochiae asteris |
![]() Shoemaker Butterfly Catonephele antinoe |
![]() Postman Butterfly - Mated Pair Heliconius erato |
![]() Owl Butterfly Caligo spp. |
![]() Great Orangetip Hebomoia glaucippe |
![]() Cydno Longwing Heliconius cydno |
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