Green Darner Dragonfly - Anax junius
Male & female specimens, mating wheel
Order Odonata (Fabricius, 1793) / Suborder Anisoptera (Selys, 1854) -- dragonflies, libellules / Family Aeshnidae -- darners / Species: Anax junius (Drury, 1773)
Live adult dragonflies photographed at Winfield Mounds Forest Preserve, Winfield, Illinois, USA.
 

Green Darner Mating Wheel
Dragonflies are slow and clumsy flying in tandem.
 

Identification: This widespread species is one of the most commonly seen, most often in flight. These large dragonflies are some of the strongest flyers around and can be seen patrolling high above grassy fields in search of prey. The face is pale green with a distinct black spot on the top of the frons bordered anteriorly by a blue semicircle congering the impression of a bulls eyes. The thorax is green with brown only lightly represented on the lateral sutures. The wings are clear with a yellow costa. The abdomen is mostly blue, with green on segment 1 in males and greenish-brown or reddish-brown throughout in females. The brown superior caudal appendages in the male are long, about the length of segments 9-10 combined.

Habitat: Near ponds and slow streams. Adults hunt while airborne over sunny fields and meadows, preying on midges, mosquitoes, Caddisflies and other flying insects. Naiads feed on tadpoles, small fish, and aquatic insects. Life Cycle: Female inserts eggs singly into slits cut in stem of submerged plants. When fully grown, naiads crawl from the water to transform into adults. The green darner is commonly known as the "Darning Needle" or "Snake Doctor."


Green Darner compound eyes are the color of milk chocolate.

These photos were taken near the west branch of the DuPage River at Winfield IL. The widow skimmer is famous for its pruinosity - the white, waxy coating on the dragonfly's wings and abdomen. Dragonflies have excellent eyesight. Their compound eyes have up to 30,000 facets, each of which is a separate light-sensing organ or ommatidium, arranged to give nearly a 360° field of vision.

Odonates are completely harmless - they do not sting or bite. Indeed, they are beneficial in the same respect spiders and other predators are beneficial - they keep the burgeoning insect population in check. Many of these species prey on each other; I often see dragonflies with damsels in their clutches. Dragonflies are among the most ancient of living creatures. Fossil records, clearly recognizable as the ancestors of our present day odonates, go back to Carboniferous times which means that the insects were flying more than 300 million years ago, predating dinosaurs by over 100 million years and birds by some 150 million.

 

Much larger dragonfly species existed in the distant past than occur on earth today. The largest, found as a fossil, is an extinct Protodonata named Meganeura monyi from the Permian period, with a wingspan of 70-75 cm (27.5-29.5 in). This compares to 19 cm (7.5 in) for the largest modern species of odonates, the Hawaiian endemic dragonfly, Anax strenuus. The smallest modern species recorded is the libellulid dragonfly, Nannophya pygmaea from east Asia with a wingspan of only 20 mm, or about ¾ of an inch.

Dragonflies are the world's fastest insects and, although estimates of their speed vary wildly, most credible authorities say they are capable of reaching speeds of between 30 and 60 km/h (19 to 38 mph). A study showed that dragonflies can travel as much as 85 miles in one day.

 

Green Darner Dragonfly - Anax junius

More Dragonflies and Damselflies

 


Green Darner Female

 

 

Green Darner male

 

 

Male is at the top

Green Darner Mating Wheel

Female detail
               
 
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